CHAPTER 28 Respiratory Care
KEY TERMS
LEARNING OUTCOMES
Crepitus (KREP-ih-tuss) Cyanosis (SYE-uh-NOH-siss) Endotracheal tube (EN-doh-TRAY-kee-uhl TOOB) Exhalation (EKS-ha-LAY-shun) Hemothorax (HEE-moh-THAW-raks) Hypoxemia (HYE-pok-SEE-mee-ah) Hypoxia (hye-POK-see-ah) Incentive spirometer (in-SEN-tiv spye-ROM-uh-tur)
1. Define various terms associated with respiratory care. 2. Explain the mechanics of inhalation and exhalation. 3. Describe chemical and nervous regulation of respirations. 4. Explain the changes in physiological regulation of respiration in patients with chronic lung disease. 5. Differentiate between internal and external respiration. 6. Contrast hypoxia and hypoxemia. 7. Identify causes of impaired oxygenation. 8. List inspection points in the assessment of a patient with impaired oxygenation. 9. Describe palpation, auscultation, and other assessment findings that could indicate impaired oxygenation. 10. Discuss the significance of selected diagnostic tests when caring for patients with impaired oxygenation. 11. Explain nursing interventions to use for patients with impaired oxygenation. 12. Discuss safety measures to enforce when the patient is receiving supplemental oxygen. 13. Identify types of oxygen sources and delivery devices used for supplemental oxygen. 14. List tips for conservation of energy for patients with chronic lung disease. 15. Describe various artificial airways and how to suction the patient with the airway in place. 16. Describe a tracheostomy tube and the nursing care needed to keep it patent. 17. Illustrate chest tube placement and how the chest drainage system works. 18. Discuss nursing care of patients with chest tubes. 19. Plan care for a patient with a respiratory disorder. 20. Discuss information found in the Connection features of the chapter.
Inhalation (IN-hah-LAY-shun) Nebulizer (NEB-yoo-LYE-zer)
Parietal pleura (pah-RYE-et-uhl PLOO-rah) Pleural effusion (PLOOR-uhl ef-YOO-zhun) Pneumothorax (NEW-moh-THAW-raks) Sputum (SPYOO-tum) Tension pneumothorax (TEN-shun NEW-moh-THAW-raks) Tracheostomy (TRAY-kee-AWS-tuh-mee) Visceral pleura (VISS-uh-ruhl PLOO-rah)
CHAPTER CONCEPTS
Acid–Base Caring Clinical Judgment Oxygenation Perfusion Safety Stress and Coping Teaching and Learning
21. Identify safety issues related to respiratory care. 22. Answer questions about skills in the chapter.
SKILLS
28.1 Obtaining a Sputum Specimen 28.2 Obtaining a Throat Culture Specimen 28.3 Assisting With Incentive Spirometry
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