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Procedures and Pharmacology
TABLE 6-1 EXAMPLES OF MEDICATIONS FOR THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Therapeutic Classification (Pharmacological) Generic Name Trade Name Common Use/Action Antihypertensives (angiotensin- captopril Generic
—cont’d
Lower angiotensin II levels; expand blood vessels and decrease resistance
lisinopril
Prinivil, Zestril
converting enzyme [ACE] inhibitors) Antihypertensives (angiotensin II receptor blockers/ inhibitors) Antihypertensives (beta blockers)
perindopril
Aceon
candesartan Atacand
Prevent effects of angioten- sin II; keep blood pressure from rising
eprosartan
Teveten
irbesartan
Avapro
acebutolol
Sectral
Decrease heart rate and cardiac output
bioprolol
Generic
Antianginals (beta blockers)
atenolol
Tenormin
Decrease frequency and severity of angina pectoris attacks Interrupt movement of cal- cium into cells; decrease the heart’s pumping strength and relax blood vessels
propranolol
Inderal
Antihypertensives (calcium channel blockers)
amlodipine
Norvasc, Lotrel
diltiazem Cardizem, Tiazac nifedipine Adalat, Procardia
Diuretics (thiazide and loop diuretics)
chlorothiazide Diuril
Remove excess fluids and sodium from the body; relieve the heart’s workload
chlorthalidone Hygroton furosemide Lasix
Vasodilators
isosorbide dinitrate
Isordil
Relax blood vessels and increase blood supply and oxygen to the heart; reduce the heart’s workload
nitroglycerin Nitrostat hydralazine Apresoline
Antiarrhythmic and blood pressure support (cardiac glycoside)
digitoxin
Crystodigin
Increase the force of the heart’s contractions
digoxin
Lanoxin
Cholesterol lowering atorvastatin Lipitor
Lower LDL (bad) cholesterol, raise HDL (good) cholesterol, lower triglyceride levels
rosuvastatin Crestor
simvastatin and ezetimibe
Vytorin
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