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Chapter 7 ■ Health Disparities and the Social Determinants of Health
Rate per 1,000 live births
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Non-Hispanic Black
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
American Indian or Alaska Native
Hispanic
Non-Hispanic White
Asian
Figure 7-2 U.S. infant mortality rates by race and ethnicity, 2019. (Source: Reference [3])
70
65
60
55
50
Primary care physicians
45
0
2007 Year
2002
2003 2004 2005 2006
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
NOTE: Primary care physicians include those in family and general practice, internal medicine, geriatrics, and pediatrics. SOURCES: CDC/NCHS, National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) and NAMCS, Electronic Health Records Survey. Figure 7-3 Number of primary care physicians per 100,000 population: United States, 2012. (Source: Reference [19])
examining the number of primary care physicians by state, New Hampshire had 43.9 per 100,000 population, compared with Mississippi with 26.5 per 100,000 popu- lation (Fig. 7-3). 19 The rate of physicians does not take into account the rurality or distance required to travel to see a primary care physician. Although IMR is just one
example of health disparity among groups in the United States, it underscores the rationale for continuing to promote health equity as a priority. Healthy People 2030 (HP 2030) continues to include elimination of health disparity as a priority, as it has since Healthy People was first initiated.
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