Table B: Types of Structures for Active Learning
Types
Definition
An intensive analysis of an individual unit (such as a person or community), stressing developmental factors in relation to environment.
Case Studies
Unfolding Case Studies A case study where the analysis is completed over a period of time.
A collaborative learning strategy where students work together to solve a problem or answer a question about an assigned reading. This strategy requires students to (1) think individually about a topic or answer to a question; and (2) share ideas with classmates. At the end of a class section or lecture, students have 60 seconds to jot down a response on paper about an aspect of that day’s class session. These papers, which don’t require names or grades, are then submitted to the instructor. This activity prompts students to reflect and offers instructors insight into their understanding of the class material.
Think-Pair-Share
Minute Paper
Debates
A formal discussion of various sides of an issue.
A group problem-solving technique that involves the spontaneous contribution of ideas from all members of the group. A method where the instructor asks a rhetorical question, then allows 20 seconds for students to think about the problem before they go on to explain. This technique encourages students to take part in the problem-solving process even when discussion is not feasible. Requiring students to write something down helps ensure that they will work on the problem. A process by which something proposed (such as for research or a paper) is evaluated by a group of experts in the appropriate field (in this case, other students). The instructor replaces lecture by posing a series of thought-provoking questions. Each question is crafted to guide the conversation toward a learning outcome (or major driving question) that was desired from the beginning. The instructor requires students to ask him/her questions, and the instructor answers in such a way as to stimulate another question immediately, while steering the question in a certain direction. The instructor illustrates a concept, idea, or principle with a real-life application, model, or case study. A method where a complex or detailed image is displayed on the screen and volunteers are invited to identify key features or ask questions about items they do not understand. This is particularly helpful for learning psychomotor skills. A technique that involves instructing students to perform five steps: listen, stop, reflect, write, give feedback. This approach fosters self-monitoring listeners. A teaching tool involving the presentation of an image without accompanying explanation. Students are tasked with identifying the image, providing explanations and justifications for their answers. Additionally, students may be prompted to write about the image using terms from class/reading or to name the processes and concepts depicted. This also works well as a group activity, with the withholding of the “answer” until all options have been explored.
Brainstorming
Think Break
Peer Review
Socratic Questions
Reverse Socratic Questions
Storytelling
Pass the Pointer
Punctuated Lectures
Picture Prompt
Adapted from Iowa State University 226 Active Learning Technology ( https://www.celt.iastate.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/ CELT226activelearningtechniques.pdf); Merriam Webster Dictionary Thesaurus. (https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ ).
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