Hoffman 3e Sneak Preview

Compare and Contrast: Emphysema and Chronic Bronchitis Directions

Divide students into pairs. Ask each pair of students to create a table of characteristics associated with emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Each table should include a section for characteristics related to the following: • Risk factors • Signs and symptoms • Diagnostic testing • Treatment Tips Providing a visual depiction of facts helps students to identify concepts that are necessary for the care and management of patients who have these identified disease processes. An example table is provided:

Characteristics

Emphysema

Chronic Bronchitis

Risk Factors

Smoking history, occupational or environmental exposure, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, exposure to secondhand smoke Progressive dyspnea with exertion, sputum often present, air trapping Pulmonary function test (spirometry), forced vital capacity, pulse oximetry, ABG Bronchodilators, beta 2 -adrenalgic agonists, anticholinergics, glucocorticoids, antibiotics, oxygen, positioning, breathing techniques, activity pacing, smoking cessation

Smoking history, occupational or environmental exposure, exposure to secondhand smoke Progressive, sputum production for at least 3 months for 2 consecutive years, thick tenacious mucus Pulmonary function test (spirometry), forced vital capacity, pulse oximetry, ABG anticholinergics, glucocorticoids, antibiotics, oxygen, positioning, breathing techniques, activity pacing, smoking cessation Bronchodilators, beta 2 - adrenalgic agonists,

Signs and Symptoms

Diagnostic Testing

Treatment

Goals Students must understand the difference between emphysema and chronic bronchitis. This activity can serve as a quick reference for understanding the two disorders. Online Application • Within a course discussion, have each student (or small group) present a patient who is experiencing emphysema or chronic bronchitis. Within the presentation, they must offer the risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnostic testing, and treatments. The students replying to the discussion must determine which condition the patient is experiencing. The student/group who presents the patient must oversee the discussion.